The article describes a device that is capable of voice (or your other person) to communicate verbally about the problems in the car and during Parking and traffic. The device polls the sensors placed in the most important parts of the machine, and in a survey of forms of speech fragments, reflecting the state of the nodes being monitored.
Automotive verbal informants intended for audible alerts the actuation of the various sensors or, in other words, state-of-systems car, produced long ago [1]. However, a relatively small number controlled parameters, attachment to a particular model car and quite a high price will limit the widespread nature of these devices.
Famous and Amateur radio development of these informants. At the time, were attempts to apply for speech synthesis Delta modulation [2; 3]. Such devices, although save the memory resource, but assembled from discrete elements, were very complex. Difficult and the process of sound recording in the ROM. Often to make a recording the site was harder than reproducing.
At the same time increase the amount of memory EPROM (electrical recording and "ultraviolet" erasing) and their depreciation allow you to implement a voice recording, without any complicated coding and application specific integrated circuits. This is, firstly, facilitates the subsequent digital-to-analog conversion and, secondly, simplifies both software and hardware components, and the recording process sound in the ROM. Requires only a microphone, a sound card and a simple program, which complement the Windows operating system.
Described here voice information system can be mounted on vehicles domestic and foreign production. In it programmed and 22 words collocations, which have independent meaning. Diagram of the program is depicted in Fig. 1.
In major parts of the vehicle mounted sensors that form when triggered the alarms. The sensors are connected to a logical node which is connected to a microprocessor that constantly polls the sensors and with the recognition that or other alarm decides to play appropriate warning phrases.
How does speech CL? At power-up (and also when you click on the button "Reset") sounds a tone, stating that the system is on and operating normally. Further sensors are polled those nodes, are supposed to check before leaving the garage. If one of the sensors generates alarm, the informant says the word "Note" followed by the appropriate phrase. In the case where after 30 seconds, the situation has not changed, the sound of the word "Repeat" and plays it back the same message.
The phrase "reverse" is designed for those who ride in cars VAZ models 2108 and 2109, at which position the first and reverse gears are close by, and novice drivers often confuse them. The words "differential Lock" and "Rear axle-inclusive - addressed to the owners of four-wheel drive vehicles with positive-locking differential, and they sound with an interval of 30 with all while those sites are enabled. In the same way it sounds and the phrase "Overheating engine".
Warning "Envelope included" is pronounced after a pause of 30 with only when they were included in the daytime. Pause is needed to headlights of oncoming cars system is not offensive dawn.
Then, the control operation of the engine. If it is off, the program goes back to the beginning, and if you work at excessively high speeds, sounds the phrase "Emergency engine speed". Then, the measurement of oil pressure, in this case, the engine speed must be more than 1500 min-1.
After that, the program measures the on-Board voltage and checks whether the pointer turns. If it includes more than 30 seconds, the sound of the word "Turn on". In the case where the pointer off before the expiration of 30, and then again include, the countdown starts again.
Further, the device determines in which position is the car is worth or moves. In the first case, the program returns to the beginning, and the second starts polling of sensors doors, manual brakes and seat belts. The relevant sentences sound twice every 30 seconds, but once you stop car and opening of doors may be repeated. With no passenger the sensor belt is not queried.
During operation of the starter is reduced, the on-Board voltage is generated strong electromagnetic disturbance, which can cause a variety of false reports, having nothing to do with reality. Therefore, when receiving a signal the starter motor informant suspends polling of sensors. Started to the specified torque phrase to the end, then all functions are blocked until turn off the starter.
The informant (see scheme in Fig. 2) consists of a microprocessor DD1, Manager all the basic units, the program memory DS1, memory, sound DS2, DS3, input ports DD8 - DD10, DAC DD4, low pass filter R35R36C14C15DA8 with amplifier 3H DA9 and line input Comparators at the shelter DA1 - DA6 and DD5.1 - DD5.4.
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To the input of the Comparators DA1 - DA4 is connected to the fuel level sensor in the tank, two sensor engine temperature and oil pressure sensor, respectively. Resistors R10, R14, R17, R20 provide the electrical hysteresis of the shelter and increase their noise immunity. With the Zener diode VD4 removed exemplary voltage for installation of threshold Comparators.
The fluid-level sensor, brake and washer and the light sensor connected to the input ports through the Schmitt trigger DD5.1 - DD5.4.
The elements DD6.3, DD6.2, DD7.1 - DD7.4 collected address input encoders ports. Inputs ports DD8 and DD10 through resistors assemblies DR1, DR3 is connected to positive power wire that together with the protective diode VD6-VD16 allows to protect ports from getting voltage greater than 5 V. the Port DD9 too protected input resistive divider R28 - R33, DR2.
The microprocessor DD1 extracts with a frequency of 8 kHz from the ROM DS2, DS3 digitized the audio message signal and transmits it to the output register sound DD3. DAC DD4 converts the signal to analog form. After this conversion, the signal is strongly "dirty" switching noise. The low pass filter of second order with cutoff frequency 4 kHz eliminates this interference.
Amplifier 3H DA9 inclusion in the standard loaded dynamic head impedance of 8 Ohms. If the vehicle is equipped with a stereo system, you can to use the speakers. For this case, provided the transistor VT1 and relay K1 contacts which commute output circuits.
In normal mode the on-Board radio (or radio) is connected contacts relay with his loudspeaker. If you experience on Board any deviations from the norm on the TXD output of the microprocessor there is a high level, opens the transistor VT1, relay K1 and switch contacts the speaker output from the receiver to the output of the informant. After the message comes again radio.
Sound information, i.e. measured with a certain frequency instant values of the amplitude of the audio signal recorded in the ROM DS2, DS3. In order without loss digitize the audio signal, the sampling frequency should be as at least twice the maximum frequency of the signal (including harmonics). If sample rate select is equal to 8 kHz, then the maximum range of the signal will be limited to 4 kHz, is when the eight-bit amplitude sampling quality sound corresponds to what we hear on the telephone line.
Information recorded in the memory using a computer with a sound card. Writing and processed sound on the computer, picking up the tone and sound, record sound in The ROM. Then connected to address inputs of the scan counter with a simple jog a logical device and receives or doorbell, or a baby a toy, or an alarm clock.
In the simplest case, if you do not need a tone control, no special effects, can to use the Sound Recorder program (in the Russian version of "phonograph"), a member of the standard Windows95. But it is better to use more convenient special programs, such as Goldwave or Sound Forge.
Before you start recording audio signal should be modulated PCM (Pulse Code Modulation pulse-to-leading modulation) - a standard method of digital encoding signals using the sequence of absolute values of amplitude. Distinguish signed (signed and unsigned representations. When iconic the signal depolari and readouts can take values from-N to +N, where N is the maximum possible amplitude. Unsigned is a unipolar representation, when samples are changed from zero to N.
In our case it is more convenient to use the unsigned representation. Then when the absence of a signal in the memory cell to be written the number N. If the envelope the signal went down, record the numbers are less than N, and if a promotion more N.
Then you need to choose the format of the sound file. In fact standard was the format of the Microsoft RIFF (Resource Interchange File Format) Wave (WAV). It contains digitized audio and the file header (mono/stereo, 8/16 bits, sampling rate, the length of the file) and it is supported by all without exception program audio processing.
There are, in addition, the RAW format, which is the Sound Recorder program is not supported, and he is just what we needed. RAW is a single-channel format "clean sampling" without headers. From WAV is easy to obtain the RAW format. Selecting a sampling frequency of 8 kHz, mono, PCM modulation, 8 bit, the sound being recorded to a file in WAV format. Then any text editor (you can even built-in in Norton Commander) delete the file header before the word "data" inclusive and copyrights at the end of the file. If you use more advanced programs than the Sound Recorder, and they support the RAW format, you need the file happens automatically. Will just have to record it in the ROM as is.
As already mentioned, to suppress switching noise after DAC filter included Woofers. Because of his imperfections he cuts not only switching noise, but high frequency components of the signal. To compensate for these losses should recording the signal a bit to adjust to "lift" these tone controls components.
So having installed in your existing program sound processing options, you recorded in a WAV file a phrase. Removed the "tails" at the beginning and the end of the file - reduced file size. Then you need to normalize the sound the amplitude, i.e. to bring all the words and phrases to be equally loud. Can to save certain words, and then form them, but invisible hearing on the rising and falling tones in the final sentence will be be absent, and it will look artificial. Therefore, if you need one some word, it is better to write the whole phrase, and then to cut out the desired you have the floor.
When dividing words into parts, for example, "emergency" and "emergency", to divide better on the suffix "h", leaving a little from him and in the root portion, and the end. So it will be less noticeable "stitching". If your program has an option "Soft attack", it is better to switch it on, it would remove clicks "gluing".
Treating thus the file and play it can be converted to RAW format and write to disc. To facilitate further work in the beginning of any file text editor, you can add a small header indicating the sound, recorded in this file, for example, "warning" or "emergency".
After all the words are processed and recorded, they need to combine two large file suitable for recording in the ROM DS2 and DS3. This can be done under running DOS command "copy" with a binary key /Ü. For example: Sora /Ü <name of the final file>. This resulting final file size 64 KB writes in ROM. If your file has more than 65535 bytes, the size of the component files have to slightly shorten, pronouncing words faster or more cutting tails.
After that, you need to determine the resulting absolute addresses beginnings and ends of words in the ROM. It is convenient to use software Norton Commander or Windows Commander, which is on almost every computer. Open the file for reading set the program to view the hexadecimal numbers and look for the headlines you previously appropriated sound files, recording the resulting address begin and end words.
The microprocessor informant, receiving the signal of otdatsya about any problem and treating it according to an appropriate algorithm, decides to play warning phrase. For this purpose, the microprocessor accesses the memory array, which contains the absolute address of the beginning and end of words or parts of words. Fragment program in C that generates these arrays ROM for DS2 and DS3, presented in table. 1. Having been informed of absolute addresses and phone ROM memory, microprocessor refers to the routine that reads the desired memory ROM and audio transmits the resulting value by the digital-to-analog Converter.
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When forming the audio file of the ROM, keep in mind that the sequence of words and parts of words you need to save is the same as shown in the snippet, but addresses will probably be different. Not to recompile under these addresses the program all over again, you can fix it in the dump program "manually". After compile the program array Rom0 is located in memory at address N on EN, the ROM1 gene array - with the address 008FH on SN, and "two-byte" addresses of the beginning and end words written in the order high byte - low byte (PL. 2). For processing dump the program, you can use a well-known program Hdb or a built-in editor programmer.
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The microprocessor selects the desired ROM, setting low on the findings of the port P0 or P1.
In the development of the device, it was found that the microprocessor is left unused control outputs, for example, RXD, that enables add to the above phrases in another. In the original these words - "Locking differential", which is repeated every 30 seconds, all the time, while at pin 11 input terminal X1 is held low. These words recorded in an additional memory chip 27128, soldered on top of the main ROM "stack" all of his conclusions, except 22 (on the concept of it not depicted). Conclusion 22 separate conductor connected to the RXD output the microprocessor. The address of this ROM are in cells 00C3H - SN. If you don't the owner of "Field" or "Jеер", option ROM can not be set, and the output 11 of connector X1 to leave free.
Using the structure of the program (Fig. 1) described above and the method of sound recording, in this additional memory chip to record any other phrase, for example, "Open the trunk" or "Protection enabled" to enable the corresponding closed contacts.
On the schematic diagram (Fig. 2) there is an active signal levels (left diode VD6 - VD23 and resistors R28 - R33), which include a particular phrase. Most automotive sensors are arranged so that when any deviation from the norms of open contacts close the circuit to the housing. If the sensors installed on your car, it signals another level, they will have invert (here a free inverter DD6.4). Inputs from relay direction indicators, speedometer and breaker react to negative differential voltage.
The author considers it necessary to note that the device he developed so as to finalize the informant can be installed on almost any car. For this reason the device has some redundancy.
On cars some brands sensor alarm oil level is already provided. If you have a machine with such a sensor there, it is easy to make independently. He is a blind tubular rack 1 (Fig. 3) the mounting flange on the bottom, made of a nonmagnetic metal is brass. Inside the tube is inserted and fixed to a heat-resistant silicone sealant miniature the reed switch 2.
On the tube outside wearing the float 3, welded from thin sheet brass; it has freely movable along the rack. On the Central tube of the float drops of solder fixed tubular magnet 4, the poles of which are located in his ends.
Strut Assembly with float is inserted into the hole in the bottom of the crankcase 5 from the bottom of the engine and one way or another securely fixed. The conductors are protected from the reed switch outside is a solid tube 6, the end of which is clamped a rubber sleeve in the mounting the flange of the rack 1.
In Fig. 3 sensor alarm oil level shown schematically. Practical design and dimensions of the device must comply with the specific conditions of installation. The main requirement is to ensure that no oil leakage even with partial deformation of the crankcase.
For calibration of the assembled sensor on the machine it is installed on a horizontal platform, pour in engine oil to the minimum necessary level and slowly move the reed switch in a rack up to his circuit. In this position, the reed switch is fixed with a sealant.
If your car already has a float switch brake fluid level they can be connected to the left on the diagram the output diode VD2 and VD3, disabling them from output elements DD5.2 and DD5.3. (see Fig. 2). In the absence of such sensors, "Moskvich-2141" for example, you can make simple homemade. In a plastic jar lid for the brake fluid fixed brass rod so that its lower end does not reach the bottom 2...3 cm; upper is combined with matching contact input terminal X1.
The sensor operation is based on the fact that ethylene glycol brake fluid "Dew", "Neva" and "Tom" have significant electrical conductivity. The second electrode is the metal housing of the main brake cylinder. When fluid is sufficient to the input of the Schmitt trigger DD5.2, DD5.3 low level. If the alarm level brake fluid rods are in the air, the low level at the input the Schmitt trigger is changed to high. Resistors R4 and R5 (see Fig. 2) may you have to pick up more clear trigger.
Also arranged a sensor minimum fluid level, windshield washer, the only difference is that it has two rods and one of them is connected to a common wire system (with case). Since the conductivity of the fluid is greater brake resistor R6 has significantly less resistance.
Sensor closed air valve carburetor (option "Leak") used ready from Zhiguli, otherwise you will need to install a carburetor a suitable limit switch.
Before continuing the story of the work of the voice of the informant, please fix the command text is "Sora" in the penultimate paragraph of the first part of the article, placed in the may issue of the magazine. The command text must be:
Sora/b<name of the first file>+<file name for the second file >+...+<name n-th file><space><name final files
The level sensor antifreeze - standard float, whose output is shorted to the body by reducing the level of coolant abroad valid.
As the device for indicating a blown warning lights (pointer turns, tail light and stop light), you can use the ready relay monitor the health of the lamps of the car VAZ-2109. In the author's version of the informant works trialet mountains-tional node is described in [4]. Therein in series with each controlled chain included low-resistance resistor, the voltage drop across which establishes the correctness of the lamps. You only need to swap inverting and non-inverting inputs of the opamps to burnout of the lamp at its the output is not low, and the high level, which then will be allocated to the adder the diodes and resistor. The schema fragment of the node shown in Fig. 4.
The advantage of the device [4] is that it allows very simple to adjust the threshold (variable resistor). Due to high sensitivity, OU are able to catch even a blown lamp side turn signal turn signal capacity of only 2 watts. In the device threshold reed switches actuation can be adjusted only by changing the number of turns of windings, and the sensitivity worse.
The comparator DA1 (see Fig. 2) the minimum fuel level signal is input from installed in the tank of a resistance sensor. If your car is not rheostat, and contact the fuel level sensor, you can use the signal and with him. Oh in this case will act as an inverter. The same applies to the alarm sensors oil pressure and emergency temperatures.
The program provides protection against pulses bounce contacts such sensors, but it is better to use resistive sensors, since all mechanical contact sensors have a large error and unregulated the thresholds. Rheostat same sensor allows you to set any threshold actuation.
Disabling existing vehicle sensor and attaching a variable instead resistor, adjust the gauge (thermometer or gauge pressure) anytime you desired division. Then, by rotating the knobs resistors (R13, R16, R19), adjust the thresholds of warning system. Do not forget that the sensor oil pressure processor polls only when the rotational speed of a crankshaft engine over 1200 min-1. To prevent false positives from sloshing fuel and washer fluid in the tank time constant of these gauges selected large - about 3 - and implemented in software.
Thus, all the inputs of the Comparators are only for rheostat sensors and pulse thermobimetallic sensors cannot operate.
If your car is not new, then before starting to adjust the tripping temperature of the Comparators, it is desirable to test the functionality temperature sensor, for example, in boiling water. The fact that copper-manganese thermistors, typically used for these purposes on domestic cars, over time significantly change their resistance. If the temperature is boiling water, and the needle thermometer shows't 100°C, you need to either replace the sensor with a new or rearranged the arrow on the axis of the pointer in the correct position. Connect a series resistor it is not recommended, as it could change the temperature correction ratiometric pointer [5].
The node control on-Board voltage characteristics has not. Connecting the informant to the regulated power supply, resistors R22 and R27 establish a desired the levels. Let me remind you that the supply voltage of the processor checks only when the engine is running. If you decide to adjust the Comparators DA5, DA6 in laboratory conditions, it is necessary to simulate the operation of the engine, submitting a pulse the signal frequency of 10...200 Hz to contact HV connector X1. Using a generator it is advisable to check the work site to alert emergency frequency of rotation, not to torment the engine evanescent modes.
The turn signal off indicator light on the instrument panel. The duration work included the pointer turns too, by the way, is checked when running the engine is.
Information about the rotational speed of a crankshaft of the engine is supplied with sensor Hall breaker. Since these sensors do not have a "bounce", and the program is not protected from it. If your classic car contact ignition system, it is possible to protect themselves from the pulses bounce can hardware (magazine wrote about it again; in particular, suitable input part electronic tachometer [6]).
As noted above, at the time of operation of the starter program to avoid failure is blocked. The signal of the starter motor is removed from its winding Executive solenoid (otherwise known as a retractor relay). For damping back EMF of the winding of the solenoid in the immediate vicinity need in parallel with the winding of the solder protective diode cathode to the positive conclusion. For this purpose it is convenient to use the average power diodes with the anode on the housing, for example, KDA. Such a measure, by the way, not only will reduce the level of electromagnetic interference, but also significantly extends the life of the intermediate relay contacts or castle the ignition.
Instead of the diode can also be applied to the Zener diode average power, for example, DE or DJ. The Zener diode at the same time "cut" and plus surges on a safe level. Generally, if your car have any relay, the winding of which is not shunted icrogaming diodes, it should to perform.
The light sensor is a photoresistor PPS-4, mounted, it will not get direct light from the headlights of oncoming cars. To install the sensitivity of the sensor is conveniently in the twilight, when you consider timely switching on the Parking lights or low beam headlights. The threshold adjust resistor R7. Note that a voice warning about the included marker lights happens to delay, i.e. turning on a small corner of the engine of the resistor R7, the reaction have to wait 30 s. the Easier and faster you can adjust the node by connecting voltmeter to the output of the Schmitt trigger DD5.1.
The door sensors - switches, contacts which are closed when the door is opened. Adjust them so that they opens when closing the door lock on two clicks. It is permissible to use the available on the door switches that control lamps on the side doors.
The seat belt buckles are mounted miniature circuit breakers, respondents the CPU only when the vehicle is moving. Their contacts open when inserting the tongue of the belt into the lock. The sensor belt of the driver is directly connected, to the inlet port, as if the car is moving, the driver is obviously on . The belt switch passenger is in series with the sensor in the passenger the armchair. Thus, the belt switch passenger queried only when sensor activated the presence of the passenger.
That the car is moving, the processor reports a sensor mounted on the speedometer. Most automotive mechanical speedometers have the rotating magnet. If you zoom in on the open coil the yoke, it will be induced EMF with a frequency that is twice the frequency of rotation of the magnet.
The role of the coils in the sensor plays winding of relay RES15; passport RS4.591.001 (or RS4.591.008). The winding resistance is 2.2 kW. I remove the relay housing, contact system and anchor. Coil fitted by a non-magnetic insert speedometer so that the open side of magni-toprovide was converted to a rotating the magnet.
Schematic diagram of the sensor shown in Fig. 5.
Conveniently coil solder in a small fee on which to place and the shelter with associated details, and fee, in turn, strengthen the bracket. Bending the bracket, find optimal the position of the sensor.
Instead you can apply homemade ready speedometer gauge route from computer.
The scheme of connection of sensors to the system to the vehicle and to the connector X1 speech informant depicted in Fig. 6.
The working conditions of the electronic equipment on the car is very heavy. As for most hams components for special applications and inaccessible you have to collect their products from what is at hand, it follows by possible, to facilitate the work of the voice of the informant. In particular, the device should positioning in the cabin, where smaller temperature differences, and forge through rubber cushioning sleeve. The cover should be strong and well protect the device from dust and moisture.
The current consumed by the informant, about 300 mA, so for stabilizer DA7 quite a relatively small heat sink. If the metal casing, it can be used as a heat sink for integrated circuits DA7 and DA9.
If the logical element DD6.4 was free, don't forget to "ground" him the inputs.
It is known that the electrical system of the vehicle and its onboard a lot of electromagnetic interference. This makes it necessary to nourish the voice information system through the protective filter. You can use the filter from a released use of car or buy car filter, made in the form individual devices.
Easy to make and homemade T-filter. It consists of a throttle inductance of about 300 µh and two oxide capacitors with a capacity of 200...500 ICF.
Very responsible should be taken to select parts of speech informant. Chips in a plastic case, one must prefer ceramic and the ceramic. Choosing capacitors, pay attention to their temperature opportunities. Thus, oxide capacitors C50-16 is operable at a temperature not below -20°C.
In the case where the further modernization of the device you envision, memory chips and microprocessor better to mount on a fee-free panels. If without panels can not do, I do not recommend to apply domestic SNPS; much more reliable imported with round spring pins.
Massive items must be secured to the circuit Board with the wire clips.
Drawing of the PCB informant is presented in Fig. 7. Its size 172x72 mm. It is made of fiberglass thickness of 2 mm, foil on both of the parties. The device is equipped with trimming resistors SDR-19a-0,5 (R7) and SP5-28B (the rest). Oxide capacitors - K52-1B, C5 - K53-19; the remaining capacitors - any ceramic (KM5, KM). Connector X1 - SNP-60. Relay K1 - RES, passport RS4.569.435-02 (or RS4.569.435-07).
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View of one of the variants of speech informant with cover removed is shown in Fig. 8.
When assembling the informant to install the parts on the Board is better than all at once, and groups. The fact is that in microprocessor-based systems such complexity to information and address lines connected to many elements. Soldered them all at once and found that the system doesn't work, you will greatly complicate the search for defective item. You can start with amplifier 3H with pre LPF at the shelter DA8. To the left by the circuit of Fig. 2 the output resistor divider R35 a capacitor connects the output of the generator LF, as to the common point of the capacitors C17 and C18 - dynamic head.
Adjusting the amplifier 3H, check the frequency response of the filter. Up to a frequency of 3.7 kHz its frequency response must be horizontal, and then to sleep with a slope of 12 dB per decade.
Then solder a chip DD1 - DD4, DD6 and panel for DS1. Without inserting the ROM the program in the control panel, check the operation clock of the processor, and the presence of signals PSEN and ALE. The findings of the port P2 must be pulsed signals full scale. If the amplitude of any output is low or nonexistent, check the corresponding line circuit with neighboring. When you press the button SB1 "Reset" and hold it down all the ports should go third high-impedance state.
Specifically to help establish the informant was written program test. It is presented in the table. 3. Volume of the program of fewer kilobytes, so it will fit in the ROM CRF or CRF. But the panel for DS1 dvadtsativosmiletny, and I CH - 24 output. In this case, the programmed ROM CRF conclusion 21 bent to the side so that he was not in the socket panel, and connect it through the resistor 1...2 ohms to the output 24. The chip is inserted into panel for DS1 with a shift to two conclusions - conclusion 1 ROM needs to fit into the socket 3 the panels.
The test program is written so that at power-on control the inputs of the DAC DD4 begin to enter codes from 0 to 225, and its output can be seen the sawtooth signal amplitude near provoleta with equal and identical steps. If steps are not created equal - the problem with any chip discharge DD4 or DD3. If there is no signal at all, likely to blame either the microprocessor DD1 or registers DD2, DD3, as good processor, if it signals PSEN and ALE in the manner just have to read the command from the ROM and to implement it.
Having a good shape of the sawtooth voltage on the DAC output, proceed to most enjoyable thing is the extraction of meaningful sounds. For this soldered to their designated DR4 elements, R43, R44, VD24 and inserting in its panel memory chips DS2, DS3, momentarily short the output P1.3 microprocessor on the common wire. The device begins to reproduce all the words recorded in the ROM DS2, then DAC output appears again sawtooth voltage. If it is heard satisfied, the test ROM change on working.
Next, solder one of the additional ports DD8-DD10 and check work the basic working of the program. It is presented in the form of a dump and change it nothing but array of addresses of words. Typing this in the text dump editor and firmware ROM, you can stop here.
However, many people, so many opinions about how to work this program. There is therefore nothing surprising in the fact that you, based on my driving experience and features of your car model, considers that the informant must work differently. In this case, write your program. If you have never have been programming of microprocessors, never mind, all you have to start first.
Family of processors MCS-51 there are many various compilers with many programming languages. There Bactopeptone compilers, Pascal, and PLM and Forth. If you do not have any idea about programming, it is convenient to start with Pascal. This language was developed first as an academic, but was so successful that it has found wide application and professionals. Version Freeware Pascal for MCS-51 can be found at <http://www.ftp.nsk.su/cgi-bin/ bbs2html?pub/microprocs/mcs51> with the name mpe_arc.exe. It's a working version limit on the amount of generated code is 4 Kbytes. But the codes the generated Pascal, very far from optimal, so it is better to master the language With which is better adapted to the single-chip microprocessors.
Programs written in C, at first sight, seem strange and frighteningly unclear. But this is only the beginning. Familiar with this language, you will be take its syntax is quite natural. You don't need complicated concepts, operated by professional programmers. To write working programs have the basics, they can be removed from the book by B. Kernighan and D. Ritchie "The C programming language". This is one of the best textbooks along With written and clear in plain language. And let your first program will be from the point of view professional ugly, let it be suboptimal in terms of volume, speed, but she will be working, and exactly according to your algorithm.
You will also need a compiler and larcik. You can take any of the recommended in previous issues of "Radio". The author used the debugger company Franclin Software.
In the example shown in table. 4 test program With, intended to establish the informant. It is written without the use of specific to a language With pointers so that it was easy to translate, if need to Pascal. For simplicity, all variables declared global. To to reduce the amount of text, the program presents not completely, but only for DS2. For DS3, you can easily add it yourself. Having finished extracting audio from DS3 and seeing that you get all you referring to the diagram of the program on Fig. 1 of this article, you can begin writing their treatment program signals from the sensors.
Software
Literature
Author: A. Gordeev, Novosibirsk